The Discovery of Rhodium and Ruthenium
History of Rhodium
Rhodium, named after Rhodon, the Greek for rose, was discovered by William Hyde Wollaston in 1804 shortly after he had discovered Platinum and Palladium.
Wollaston was born in 1766 in Norfolk, England.
He became renowned as a physiologist before giving up his medical practice in 1800 to devote his time to scientific research.
He continued to contribute to medical research, became a celebrated chemist, developed optical measuring instruments, lenses and even an optical aid to artists, known as the Camera Lucida, made important scientific discoveries and developments in electricity and electric batteries and cells, and published 56 papers on his research in chemistry, mineralogy, crystallography, physics, astronomy, botany, physiology and pathology.
Wollastons efforts to produce Platinum led to his discovery of Palladium (1803) and Rhodium (1804) through his experiments with crude platinum ore probably obtained from South America. Crude Platinum ores also contain other metals in the Platinum group.
In 1805 Wollaston developed the process to produce malleable Platinum which made him financially independent until his death in 1828.
History of Ruthenium
The metal was discovered in Russia by Professor Karl Karlovitch Klaus in 1844.
In 1827 Jons Jacob Berzelius and Gottfried Osann found Ruthenium Oxide in the remainsof Platinum ores after being treated with Aqua Regia and named it after the Latin word Ruthenia meaning Russia.
Klaus was the first to isolate pure Ruthenium from the oxide and the metal became the last of the Platinum Group Metals (PGMs) to be identified.
Earlier in 1807 a Polish chemist was reported to have isolated Ruthenium and named it Vestium but these reports were not substantiated.
The Urals in Russia, North and South America and South Africa are the principal economically viable sources of ores containing Ruthenium.
About the Author
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